“Technical Skill is the mastery of complexity, while Creativity is the master of simplicity"
Friday, July 12, 2013
An Introduction to BGP Flow Spec
JNCIE Tips for Field ..
sfouant@p1# run show route 168.10.32.0/22
inet.0: 28 destinations, 28 routes (28 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
168.10.32.1/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:48, metric 1
> to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.32.2/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:48, metric 1
> to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.32.3/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:43, metric 1
to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
> to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.32.4/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:43, metric 1
> to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
Note: We can do this on any router within Area 1 since the Link-State Database is the same on all devices, but I prefer to perform the work on the ABR since this is where I will be performing the aggregation. Also, the ABR may have other local and/or direct routes (or perhaps routes from other protocol sources) so we want to see things from the perspective of the ABR.
sfouant@p1# run show route 168.10.32.0/21
inet.0: 28 destinations, 28 routes (28 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
168.10.32.1/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:50, metric 1
> to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.32.2/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:50, metric 1
> to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.32.3/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:45, metric 1
to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
> to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.32.4/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:45, metric 1
> to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
Not quite. Let's keep trying:
sfouant@p1# run show route 168.10.32.0/20
inet.0: 28 destinations, 28 routes (28 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
168.10.32.1/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:55, metric 1
> to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.32.2/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:55, metric 1
> to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.32.3/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:50, metric 1
to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
> to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.32.4/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:50, metric 1
> to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
Nope, still not there yet. Let's try again:
sfouant@p1# run show route 168.10.32.0/19
inet.0: 28 destinations, 28 routes (28 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
168.10.32.1/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:58, metric 1
> to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.32.2/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:58, metric 1
> to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.32.3/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:53, metric 1
to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
> to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.32.4/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:53, metric 1
> to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.48.4/30 *[OSPF/10] 00:36:26, metric 2
to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
> to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.48.8/30 *[Direct/0] 8w4d 19:36:13
> via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.48.9/32 *[Local/0] 8w4d 19:36:13
Local via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.60.0/30 *[Direct/0] 8w4d 19:51:31
> via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.60.1/32 *[Local/0] 8w4d 19:51:31
Local via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.60.4/30 *[OSPF/10] 00:36:26, metric 2
to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
> to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.60.8/30 *[Direct/0] 8w4d 19:36:13
> via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.60.9/32 *[Local/0] 8w4d 19:36:13
Local via ge-0/0/1.0
Ok, this looks more like it. Here we can see we have all the Gigabit Ethernet links connecting all devices, as well as the loopback addresses. This might be a suitable summary. Let's keep going to see what happens:
sfouant@p1# run show route 168.10.32.0/18
inet.0: 28 destinations, 28 routes (28 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
168.10.0.1/32 *[Direct/0] 8w4d 19:51:37
> via lo0.0
168.10.0.2/32 *[Direct/0] 8w4d 19:36:19
> via lo0.0
168.10.0.3/32 *[OSPF/10] 00:28:41, metric 1
> to 168.10.18.2 via fe-0/0/2.0
to 168.10.26.2 via fe-0/0/2.0
168.10.0.4/32 *[OSPF/10] 00:28:41, metric 1
> to 168.10.18.2 via fe-0/0/2.0
to 168.10.26.2 via fe-0/0/2.0
168.10.18.0/30 *[Direct/0] 8w4d 19:05:28
> via fe-0/0/2.0
168.10.18.1/32 *[Local/0] 8w4d 19:05:28
Local via fe-0/0/2.0
168.10.26.0/30 *[Direct/0] 8w4d 19:05:28
> via fe-0/0/2.0
168.10.26.1/32 *[Local/0] 8w4d 19:05:28
Local via fe-0/0/2.0
168.10.32.1/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:05:04, metric 1
> to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.32.2/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:05:04, metric 1
> to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.32.3/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:59, metric 1
to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
> to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.32.4/32 *[OSPF/10] 8w4d 19:04:59, metric 1
> to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.48.4/30 *[OSPF/10] 00:36:32, metric 2
to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
> to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.48.8/30 *[Direct/0] 8w4d 19:36:19
> via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.48.9/32 *[Local/0] 8w4d 19:36:19
Local via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.60.0/30 *[Direct/0] 8w4d 19:51:37
> via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.60.1/32 *[Local/0] 8w4d 19:51:37
Local via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.60.4/30 *[OSPF/10] 00:36:32, metric 2
to 168.10.48.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
> to 168.10.60.10 via ge-0/0/1.0
to 168.10.60.2 via ge-0/0/0.0
168.10.60.8/30 *[Direct/0] 8w4d 19:36:19
> via ge-0/0/1.0
168.10.60.9/32 *[Local/0] 8w4d 19:36:19
Local via ge-0/0/1.0
Clearly from this command, we can see we have now gone beyond what might be considered a suitable summary because we are now encompassing routes that exist within the backbone Area 0. So it should be clear from this simple set of commands that the 168.10.32.0/19 would be a suitable address to use for our summary.
sfouant@p2# run show route 168.10.96.0/19
inet.0: 27 destinations, 27 routes (27 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
168.10.96.1/32 *[OSPF/10] 01:00:57, metric 1
to 168.10.112.2 via fe-0/0/3.0
> to 168.10.118.2 via fe-0/0/3.0
168.10.96.2/32 *[OSPF/10] 01:00:57, metric 1
> to 168.10.112.2 via fe-0/0/3.0
to 168.10.118.2 via fe-0/0/3.0
168.10.112.0/30 *[Direct/0] 01:13:48
> via fe-0/0/3.0
168.10.112.1/32 *[Local/0] 01:13:48
Local via fe-0/0/3.0
168.10.118.0/30 *[Direct/0] 01:13:48
> via fe-0/0/3.0
168.10.118.1/32 *[Local/0] 01:13:48
Local via fe-0/0/3.0
And there you have it! As you can see it's really quite simple and if you haven't stumbled upon this already you may be saying to yourself, "Why didn't I think of that before?". I hear from many candidates that they spend considerable time the old fashioned way to determine summaries and I always ask myself why. As you can see, there is an easier way!
Wednesday, July 10, 2013
Ramadan kareem
The gates of hell are closed & those of Paradise are opened,
It is the month the holy Prophet used to Pray to witness,
It is The Blessed Month Of Ramadhan.
May Allah shower his blessings & Grant You forgiveness in this holy month.
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ALLAH, on this day, take me closer towards Your pleasure, keep me away from Your anger and punishment, grant me the opportunity to recite Your verses (of the Qur'an), by Your mercy, O the most Merciful.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 3
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ALLAH, on this day, grant me wisdom and awareness, keep me away from foolishness and pretension, grant me a share in every blessing You send down, by You generosity, O the most Generous.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 4
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ALLAH, on this day, strengthen me in carrying out Your commands, let me taste the sweetness of Your remembrance, grant me, through Your graciousness, that I give thanks to You. Protect me, with Your protection and cover, O the most discerning of those who see.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 5
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ALLAH, on this day, place me among those who seek forgiveness. Place me among Your righteous and obedient servants, and place me among Your close friends, by Your kindness, O the most Merciful.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 6
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ALLAH, on this day, do not let me abase myself by incurring Your disobedience, and do not strike me with the whip of Your punishment, keep me away from the causes of Your anger, by and Your power, O the ultimate wish of those who desire.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 7
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ALLAH, on this day, help me with its fasts and prayers, and keep me away from mistakes and sins of the day, grant me that I remember You continuously through the day, by Your assistance, O the Guide of those who stray.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 8
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ALLAH, on this day, let me have mercy on the orphans, and feed [the hungry], and spread peace, and keep company with the noble-minded, O the shelter of the hopeful.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 9
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ALLAH, on this day, grant me a share from Your mercy which is wide, guide me towards Your shining proofs, lead me to Your all encompassing pleasure, by Your love, O the hope of the desirous.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 10
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ALLAH, on this day, make me, among those who rely on You, from those who You consider successful, and place me among those who are near to you, by Your favor, O goal of the seekers.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 11
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ALLAH, on this day, make me love goodness, and dislike corruption and disobedience, bar me from anger and the fire [of Hell], by Your help, O the helper of those who seek help
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 12
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ALLAH, on this day, beautify me with covering and chastity, cover me with the clothes of contentment and chastity, let me adhere to justice and fairness, and keep me safe from all that I fear, by Your protection, O the protector of the frightened.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 13
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ALLAH, on this day, purify me from un-cleanliness and dirt, make me patient over events that are decreed, grant me the ability to be pious, and keep company with the good, by Your help, O the beloved of the destitute.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 14
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ALLAH, on this day, do not condemn me for slips, make me decrease mistakes and errors, do not make me a target for afflictions and troubles, by Your honor, O the honor of the Muslims.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 15
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 21
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ALLAH, on this day, show me the way to win Your pleasure, do not let Shaytan have a means over me, make Paradise an abode and a resting place for me, O the One who fulfills the requests of the needy.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 22
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ALLAH, on this day, open for me the doors of Your Grace, send down on me its blessings, help me towards the causes of Your mercy, and give me a place in the comforts of Paradise, O the one who answers the call of the distressed.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 23
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ALLAH, on this day, wash away my sins, purify me from all flaws, examine my heart with (for) the piety of the hearts, O One who overlooks the shortcomings of the sinners.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 24
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ALLAH, on this day, I ask You for what pleases You, and I seek refuge in You from what displeases You, I ask You to grant me the opportunity to obey You and not disobey You, O One who is generous with those who ask
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 25
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ALLAH, on this day, make me among those who love Your friends, and hate Your enemies, following the way of Your last Prophet, O the Guardian of the hearts of the Prophets.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 26
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ALLAH, on this day, make my efforts worthy of appreciation, and my sins forgiven, my deeds accepted, my flaws concealed, O the best of those who hear..
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 27
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ALLAH, on this day, bestow on me the blessings of Laylatul Qadr, change my affairs from (being) difficult to (being) easy, accept my apologies, and decrease for me [my] sins and burdens, O the Compassionate with His righteous servants.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 28
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ALLAH, on this day, grant me a share in its nawafil (recommended prayers), honor me by attending to my problems, make closer the means to approach You, from all the means, O One who is not preoccupied by the requests of the beseechers.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 29
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O ALLAH, on this day, cover me with Your mercy, grant me in it success and protection, purify my heart from the darkness of false accusations, O the Merciful to His believing servants.
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Ramadan Dua: DAY 30
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O ALLAH, on this day, make my fasts worthy of appreciation and acceptance, according to what pleases You, and pleases the Messenger, the branches being strengthened by the roots, for the sake of our leader, Muhammad, and his purified family. Praise be to ALLAH, the Lord of the worlds.
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Tuesday, July 9, 2013
Life of Packet
Packet
Sunday, December 5, 2010
SURE Muzumalli- http://www.quranexplorer.com/Quran/Default.aspx
سُوۡرَةُ المُزمّل
بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلۡمُزَّمِّلُ (١) قُمِ ٱلَّيۡلَ إِلَّا قَلِيلاً۬ (٢) نِّصۡفَهُ ۥۤ أَوِ ٱنقُصۡ مِنۡهُ قَلِيلاً (٣) أَوۡ زِدۡ عَلَيۡهِ وَرَتِّلِ ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ تَرۡتِيلاً (٤) إِنَّا سَنُلۡقِى عَلَيۡكَ قَوۡلاً۬ ثَقِيلاً (٥) إِنَّ نَاشِئَةَ ٱلَّيۡلِ هِىَ أَشَدُّ وَطۡـًٔ۬ا وَأَقۡوَمُ قِيلاً (٦) إِنَّ لَكَ فِى ٱلنَّہَارِ سَبۡحً۬ا طَوِيلاً۬ (٧) وَٱذۡكُرِ ٱسۡمَ رَبِّكَ وَتَبَتَّلۡ إِلَيۡهِ تَبۡتِيلاً۬ (٨) رَّبُّ ٱلۡمَشۡرِقِ وَٱلۡمَغۡرِبِ لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ فَٱتَّخِذۡهُ وَكِيلاً۬ (٩) وَٱصۡبِرۡ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ وَٱهۡجُرۡهُمۡ هَجۡرً۬ا جَمِيلاً۬ (١٠) وَذَرۡنِى وَٱلۡمُكَذِّبِينَ أُوْلِى ٱلنَّعۡمَةِ وَمَهِّلۡهُمۡ قَلِيلاً (١١) إِنَّ لَدَيۡنَآ أَنكَالاً۬ وَجَحِيمً۬ا (١٢) وَطَعَامً۬ا ذَا غُصَّةٍ۬ وَعَذَابًا أَلِيمً۬ا (١٣) يَوۡمَ تَرۡجُفُ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ وَٱلۡجِبَالُ وَكَانَتِ ٱلۡجِبَالُ كَثِيبً۬ا مَّهِيلاً (١٤) إِنَّآ أَرۡسَلۡنَآ إِلَيۡكُمۡ رَسُولاً۬ شَـٰهِدًا عَلَيۡكُمۡ كَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَآ إِلَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنَ رَسُولاً۬ (١٥) فَعَصَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنُ ٱلرَّسُولَ فَأَخَذۡنَـٰهُ أَخۡذً۬ا وَبِيلاً۬ (١٦) فَكَيۡفَ تَتَّقُونَ إِن كَفَرۡتُمۡ يَوۡمً۬ا يَجۡعَلُ ٱلۡوِلۡدَٲنَ شِيبًا (١٧) ٱلسَّمَآءُ مُنفَطِرُۢ بِهِۦۚ كَانَ وَعۡدُهُ ۥ مَفۡعُولاً (١٨) إِنَّ هَـٰذِهِۦ تَذۡڪِرَةٌ۬ۖ فَمَن شَآءَ ٱتَّخَذَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِۦ سَبِيلاً (١٩) ۞ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَعۡلَمُ أَنَّكَ تَقُومُ أَدۡنَىٰ مِن ثُلُثَىِ ٱلَّيۡلِ وَنِصۡفَهُ ۥ وَثُلُثَهُ ۥ وَطَآٮِٕفَةٌ۬ مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ مَعَكَۚ وَٱللَّهُ يُقَدِّرُ ٱلَّيۡلَ وَٱلنَّہَارَۚ عَلِمَ أَن لَّن تُحۡصُوهُ فَتَابَ عَلَيۡكُمۡۖ فَٱقۡرَءُواْ مَا تَيَسَّرَ مِنَ ٱلۡقُرۡءَانِۚ عَلِمَ أَن سَيَكُونُ مِنكُم مَّرۡضَىٰۙ وَءَاخَرُونَ يَضۡرِبُونَ فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ يَبۡتَغُونَ مِن فَضۡلِ ٱللَّهِۙ وَءَاخَرُونَ يُقَـٰتِلُونَ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۖ فَٱقۡرَءُواْ مَا تَيَسَّرَ مِنۡهُۚ وَأَقِيمُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتُواْ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَأَقۡرِضُواْ ٱللَّهَ قَرۡضًا حَسَنً۬اۚ وَمَا تُقَدِّمُواْ لِأَنفُسِكُم مِّنۡ خَيۡرٍ۬ تَجِدُوهُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ هُوَ خَيۡرً۬ا وَأَعۡظَمَ أَجۡرً۬اۚ وَٱسۡتَغۡفِرُواْ ٱللَّهَۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ۬ رَّحِيمُۢ (٢٠)
http://www.quranexplorer.com/Quran/Default.aspx